AMCHP defines evidence holistically to capture the full-breadth of information and practice-based insights that can support the effectiveness of an intervention. Practice based evidence services are accepted as effective by the local community, through community consensus, and address the therapeutic and healing needs of individuals and families from a culturally-specific framework” ( Isaacs, Huang, Hernandez, and Echo-Hawk, 2005 ). Practice-based evidence (PBE) is defined as “ a range of treatment approaches and supports that are derived from, and supportive of, the positive cultural attributes of the local society and traditions.
Individuals’ Experiential Evidence : Insights gained from individuals with the lived experience of being impacted by a program or policy (or lack thereof) sharing their values, needs, preferences, and expertise.It includes evidence from systematic reviews, experimental (e.g., randomized control trials), quasi-experimental (e.g., longitudinal), and non-experimental (e.g., pre-/post-test) study designs ( Puddy & Wilkins, 2011 ). Best Available Research Evidence : Information resulting from systematic and methodical ways of gathering data using various study methods and ongoing evaluations.Note that the term “community” has not been specifically defined because each population group, entity, and geographic area defines itself differently and therefore the term should be defined by the group itself ( Martinez et al., 2010 ). CDE emphasizes the inherent knowledge, experience, and expertise in communities defining what “works for them”. Community-defined evidence (CDE): A “set of practices that communities have used and found to yield positive results as determined by community consensus over time and which may or may not have been measured empirically but have reached a level of acceptance by the community”.
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This definition is intentionally holistic to capture the full breadth of practice-based insights (especially those reflecting community members’ values, needs, and preferences) that can demonstrate the effectiveness of programs and policies. Recognizing that public health occurs in “real world” settings, what we consider evidence should not be limited to that which comes from controlled scientific research it should also expand to include and uplift evidence that is defined by impacted communities and represents the values, needs, and preferences of those with lived experience.
AMCHP recognizes many forms of evidence as valid for showing a practice is effective and defines “evidence” as:Īnything that demonstrates a given activity is having an intended impact for a specific community or population. While evidence from scientific research studies is absolutely important, so are other types of practice-based and community-defined evidence. In the MCH field there is a growing emphasis on the importance of using evidence-based practices to address MCH challenges, but what do we mean when we say “evidence”? There is a tendency in the public health field to assign more value to evidence generated by experimental studies and evaluation designs than other types of evidence.
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